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What type of grains make up sedimentary rock?Outer core - Rounded, separate grains., Why are most sedimentary rocks porous? - They have gaps between the grains., What does weathering do to rocks? - Breaks rocks into smaller pieces., Give an example of physical weathering - Freeze-thaw / onion skin, What does erosion mean? - The moving away of broken rock, Which type of sedimentary rock can be weathered by acid rain? - Limestone, Name the process by which sediments settle in one place. - Deposition, How are strata formed? - When sediments are deposited in layers., What happens to sediments during compaction? - They are squashed together, Name the process when sediments are stuck together. - Cementation., Where are igneous rocks formed? - In or around volcanoes., What are igneous rocks made of? - Crystals, Where is magma found? - Inside volcanoes, Where is larva found? - Outside volcanoes, Give 2 properties of igneous rock. - Hard and durable, Name 2 types of igneous rock. - Intrusive and extrusive, Which type of igneous rock has large crystals? - Intrusive, Which type of igneous rock has small crystals? - Extrusive, Why is granite not porous? - No gaps between the crystals, Name 2 igneous rocks. - Any 2 from basalt, obsidian, granite, pumice, What causes metamorphic rocks to form? - Intense heat and pressure., In which part of the Earth does this happen? - Crust, Which type of rock are metamorphic rocks formed from? - Sedimentary, What does limestone become when it is subjected to intense heat and pressure? - Marble, Which sedimentary rock becomes slate? - Mudstone, What happens to the grains in sedimentary rocks for them to become metamorphic? - Grains are rearranged., Name 2 metamorphic rocks. - Any 2 from marble, slate, schist, Why is marble useful for kitchen work surfaces? - It is not porous / won’t be damaged by water, Why can marble be weathered by acid rain? - It is made from limestone (calcium carbonate), Why are few fossils found in metamorphic rock? - Most fossils are destroyed by the intense heat and pressure., Which process breaks down rocks on the surface of the Earth? - Weathering, Which process moves these broken rocks? - Erosion, Give 2 ways in which broken rocks can be transported into lakes, rivers and seas? - By wind or water, Name the process when deposited rock particles form layers. - Sedimentation, Which 2 processes turn these layers into sedimentary rock? - Compaction and cementation, Which 2 processes turn sedimentary rock into metamorphic rock? - (extreme) heat and pressure, Name the molten rock found inside volcanoes - Magma, Name the molten rock found outside volcanoes - Lava, What type of weathering involves water freezing then melting inside the rock? - Freeze thaw, Besides physical, name 2 types of weathering. - Chemical and biological,

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