the mixture made by adding a soluble substance to water - aqueous solution, the smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element - atom, the number of protons (which equals the number of electrons) in an atom. It is sometimes called the proton number - atomic number, a symbol equation in which there are equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the equation - balanced symbol equation, fuel made from animal or plant products - biofuel, the process whereby small amounts of dissolved substances are separated by running a solvent along a material such as absorbent paper - chromatography, a substance made when two or more elements are chemically bonded together - compound, a tiny particle with a negative charge. Electrons orbit the nucleus of atoms or ions in shells - electron, a set of numbers to show the arrangement of electrons in their shells (or energy levels) - electronic structure, a substance made up of only one type of atom. An element cannot be broken down chemically into any simpler substance - element, all the elements in the columns (labelled 1 to 7 and 0) in the periodic table - group, a charged particle produced by the loss or gain of electrons - ion, atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons, i.e., they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers - isotope, the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom - mass number, a dense particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It is electrically neutral, carrying no charge - neutron, the very unreactive gases found in Group 0 of the periodic table. Their atoms have very stable electronic structures - Noble gas, the very small and dense central part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons - nucleus, an arrangement of elements in the order of their atomic numbers, forming groups and periods - Periodic table, a substance made as a result of a chemical reaction - product, a tiny positive particle found inside the nucleus of an atom - proton, a substance we start with before a chemical reaction takes place - reactant, an area in an atom, around its nucleus, where electrons are found - shell, the abbreviations used in balanced symbol equations to show if reactants and products are solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g) or dissolved in water (aq) - state symbol, an equation that helps you see how much of each substance is involved in a chemical reaction by showing the chemical symbols and formulae of all the reactants and products involved - symbol equation, a way of describing what happens in a chemical reaction by showing the names of all reactants and the products they form - word equation, the total mass of the products formed in a reaction is equal to the total mass of the reactants - law of conservation of mass,

Atomic structure KEYWORDS

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