Sensation - the process by which we receive information from the environment, Properties of light - Intesity, wavelength, & complexity, Properties of sound - Intensity, frequency, wave form, Transduction - the process of converting energy of a stimulus into neural activity. The stimulus is re-coded as a neural pattern., Perception - the process of selecting and identifying information from the environment., Psychophysics - the study of the mathematical or functional relationship between physical energy and psychological experience., Absolute Threshold - The point at which a stimulus can be detected 50 percent of the time, Difference threshold - The minimal change in stimulation that can be reliably detected 50 percent of the time, Signal-detection theory - theory which suggests how individuals are able to detect a minimal stimulus (signal) among other background stimuli (noise), Habituation or adaptation - a decline in response to a stimulus due to repeated presentation of the stimulus;, Place theory - Differences in pitch result from stimulation of different areas of the basilar membrane., Frequency theory - Differences in pitch are due to rate of neural impulses traveling up the auditory nerve., Attention - a process in which consciousness is focused on particular stimuli, Selective attention - ability to focus on one stimulus while excluding other stimuli that are present, Divided attention - ability to respond to more than one stimulus, Gestalt - The whole experience is greater than the sum of the individual parts., Law of Pragnanz - Also called the law of simplicity, Feature-analysis theory - Patterns are identified by a step-wise perceptual and decisional analysis of their distinctive features, Template theory - describes pattern recognition.,

Sensation & Perception

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