Diffusion - The spread of ideas, goods, technologies, and cultural practices from one society to another., Bureaucracy - A system of government with departments and officials to carry out the work of ruling., Oligarchy - A government ruled by a small, powerful group of people, usually wealthy or military elites., Tyrant - In ancient Greece, a ruler who seized power by force, often without legal right, but sometimes supported by the people, Autocratic - A style of government where one ruler has total power and authority., Persia - A powerful empire in the ancient Near East (modern-day Iran) known for tolerance of different cultures, a royal road system, and strong central government., Sparta - A Greek city-state focused on military strength, discipline, and obedience., Athens - A Greek city-state known for its democracy, philosophy, and emphasis on education and the arts., Democracy - A system of government where citizens have a direct role in making decisions or choose representatives., Rome - A powerful ancient civilization in Italy that grew from a city-state into an empire controlling much of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East., Republic - Form of government where people select representatives to govern them and make laws., Direct Democracy - Form of government where citizens directly vote on all laws and proposals., Mandate of Heaven - Political theory of ancient China where those in power gained the right to rule from a divine source., Greco-Roman Culture - Ancient culture that developed from the blending of Greek, Hellenistic and Roman cultures., Confucianismm - Philosophy that shows the way to a stable government and orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct., Alexander the Great - Conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt and Mesopotamia and whose goal was to conquer the known world., Hellenistic Culture - Greek culture blended with Egyptian, Persian and Indian Ideas that was a result of Alexander the Great's empire., Silk Road - Ancient trade route linking China with the Roman Empire. It was the first trade route connecting Europe and Asia., Civil Service System - Practice created by Confucius scholars that based the hiring of government workers on exams and merit., 12 Tables - Law code of the ancient Romans., Hinduism - Religion and philosophy from ancient India characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being having many forms., Buddhism - Belief system from India that believed in seeking enlightenment and reincarnattion., Zoroastrianism - Ancient Persian religion stressing the fight between forces of good and evil with good eventually winning., Judaism - Monotheistic religion of the Jewish people., Christianity - Monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus embodied in the New Testament., Caste System - Set of rigid social categories that determined a person's occupation and economic potential and his or her position in society., Cyrus the Great - Founder of the Persian Empire, Male Citizens - Only people able to vote in classical Athens.,

Classical Civilizations

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