Lanthanides, The first series of f-block elements which are present at the bottom of the periodic table., Covalent radius, One half of the distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded atoms of the same element in a molecule., van der Waals radius, One half of the internuclear distance between the nuclei of two adjacent atoms of the substance belonging to two neighbouring molecules in the solid state., Isoelectronic ions, Ions of different elements which have same number of electrons but differ from one another in magnitude of the nuclear charge., Ionization enthalpy, The energy required to remove most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom of the element in its ground state., Shielding effect, The outermost electron does not feel the effective nuclear charge of the nucleus due to this effect., Electron affinity, The energy released when electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom to form the gaseous negative ion., Electronegativity, The tendency of an atom of an element to attract the shared pair of the electrons towards itself in a covalent bond., Valence electrons, The electron present in the outermost shell is called, Amphoteric, The oxides which shows both the acidic & basic character are known as.

Periodic table

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