Lanthanides - The first series of f-block elements which are present at the bottom of the periodic table., Covalent radius - One half of the distance between the nuclei of two covalently bonded atoms of the same element in a molecule., van der Waals radius - One half of the internuclear distance between the nuclei of two adjacent atoms of the substance belonging to two neighbouring molecules in the solid state., Isoelectronic ions - Ions of different elements which have same number of electrons but differ from one another in magnitude of the nuclear charge., Ionization enthalpy - The energy required to remove most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom of the element in its ground state., Shielding effect - The outermost electron does not feel the effective nuclear charge of the nucleus due to this effect., Electron affinity - The energy released when electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom to form the gaseous negative ion., Electronegativity - The tendency of an atom of an element to attract the shared pair of the electrons towards itself in a covalent bond., Valence electrons - The electron present in the outermost shell is called, Amphoteric - The oxides which shows both the acidic & basic character are known as,

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